20th‑Century Literary Pagans examines the influential writers whose imaginations forged the cultural foundation from which modern paganisms arose. Well before organised pagan movements took shape, authors such as Mary Webb, Sylvia Townsend Warner, Kenneth Grahame, D. H. Lawrence, and Thomas Hardy were already crafting worlds vibrant with animism, folklore, erotic earth‑mysticism, and the dynamic presence of landscapes. Their novels and poems provided readers with an alternative spiritual framework — one where rivers remember, hills speak, and human lives are intricately connected to the more‑than‑human world. Collectively, these writers established a subtle yet powerful cultural undercurrent that flowed into the mid‑century revival, offering modern pagans a rich lineage of story, symbol, and sensibility to embrace.